The College has the mandate to develop scientifically proven technologies that can be transferred to the fish farmers of not only the State but whole of the North-India. The increased emphasis is given to frontier areas of carp culture, seed production, water quality management, fish health management, conservation of fish diversity and fisheries resource management. The significant technologies developed so far are as follows-
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| Induced breeding and quality seed production of carps To ensure availability of quality seeds of cultivable carps throughout the year, the induced breeding technology using crude pituitary extract, ovaprim, ovatide, Wova- FH, Gonopro- FH and Ovarim has been developed for the Tarai region of Uttarakhand. Catla, Rohu, Mrigal, Grass carp and Silver carp are being successfully bred and about 3.0 crore spawn is produced every year manipulating environmental factors and brood stock diet. The multiple breeding of carps in Tarai conditions has also been done. |
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| Development and optimization of broodstock management practices for quality gamete production for extended period The broodstock of different fishes collected from different sources viz. reservoir and pond of fish farmers were raised in oxygenated waters (approximately 8.0 mg/l DO) by providing highly proteinacious diet (35% protein diet with 3400 K cal/ kg gross energy having 39% soybean oil cake, 20% groundnut oil cake, 40% rice bran and 1% growth promoters). The brooders collected from different sources were kept and reared in separate ponds. The water of the broodstock ponds was replaced (10- 25%) regularly. Under these conditions, the brooders of exotic carps viz. common carp matured in January while silver and grass carps matured in March and could bred up to September. The Indian Major Carps also experienced maturity by early April in place of June. Breeding trials between reservoir and pond fishes were made and hatching, survival and growth were found to be better in these trials. |
 
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| Development of package of improved breeding practices for different cultivable and endangered fishes for diversification of aquaculture Breeding trials for the seed production of Clarias batrachus (Indian Magur), Tor putitora (Golden mahseer) and Labeo gonius (Kursa) were made successfully. The quality seed production of magur was done by injecting the brooders with a dose of ovaprim (2.0 to 2.5 ml/ kg fish). The stripping of golden mahseer collected from Lakes Bhimtal, Naukuchiatal and Sattal was done for collecting the eggs and sperms and carrying out fertilization trials. The fertilized eggs were kept in mahseer hatcheries at Bhimtal and Pantnagar and better hatching result (65- 85%) was obtained in flow through system at Pantnagar. The seed production of Labeo gonius was also done at Pantnagar during rainy season. The produced seeds of these fishes were reared separately in nursery and rearing ponds phase wise at different stocking densities providing different environmental conditions. There was better survival and growth of the fish fry provided with 20-25 nos. Brachionus / post-larvae daily at the stocking density of 600 post-larvae/ m2. The rearing results of fry at stocking density of 50 fry/ m2 was found better when these were fed with a mixture of soybean oil cake (30%), mustard oil cake (30%), rice bran (39%) and brotone (1%). |
 
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| Farming feasibility and conservation of golden mahseer (Tor putitora) The population of golden mahseer in different streams has been estimated. The breeding grounds of mahseer have been identified and the factors causing the decline of mahseer have also been identified. Restoration programme included the collection of fry and juveniles of golden mahseer from the natural sources, their rearing up to fingerling stage in pond conditions at the Instructional Fish Farm (IFF) in the foot hills region for stocking into the potential mahseer streams and lakes. The rejuvenation of golden mahseer has greatly helped in boosting its production in lakes and improving the tourism in the hill state. |
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| Integrated fish farming technology The duck-cum-fish culture technology has been developed for Tarai region of Uttarakhand in which by rearing Khaki campbell ducks @ 300- 400 nos/ ha in the system, a production of 6000 kg fish/ha/yr/ and 270 eggs/duck/yr was obtained without any addition of manure in the pond. |
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| Biomanipulation of lakes Nainital and Naukuchiatal for ecosystem restoration After application of biomanipulation and aeration technologies, partial removal of unwanted fishes, stocking of eco friendly fishes in standard ratio and establishing aeration discs in bottom in the Lakes Nainital and Naukuchiatal, the nutrients concentration (nitrate, phosphate etc.) have started to decrease and the anaerobic hypolimnion now contained sufficient amount of oxygen, the water clarity and population of phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic organisms has increased which are elements of a balanced ecosystem. Al so mass mortality of fishes which was common during mixing period, is now totally stopped and fishes are growing well. |
 
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| Technology of seed production of murrels Natural breeding and larval rearing technologies for two murrel species Channa puctatus and C. striatus under pond conditions have been standardized with feasibility assessment for adoption by fish farmers. |
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| Introduction and seed production of genetically improved stock of fishes Genetically superior stocks of Amur carp and Jayanti rohu have been added to the farm during along with existing cultivable species for the quality improvement. Amur carp seed having 20-29 % more growth potential, was procured from Fisheries Research and Information Centre, Bangalore while Jayanti Rohu seed was obtained from CIFA, Bhubaneshwar. At present more than two crore spawn of these fishes are produced and about 25 lakh fish seeds have been distributed to fish farmers of different states viz. Uttar Prodesh, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Bihar etc. and to the farmers of the neighbor country Nepal. |
 
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| Freshwater prawn culture in Tarai region of Uttarakhand Monoculture of giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii has been standardized and a production of 1183.20 kg/ha/6 months was achieved. Incorporation of the same in composite culture was also done. Though survival was not up to mark but growth was satisfactory. |
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| Mycofiltration for water quality improvement and better fish growth The study done on the application of mycofiltration with variable water filtration rates conclude that mycofiltration technique is an excellent technique for filtering water, improving its quality and providing stable environment for better fish growth. This technique can be used for growing fish in water filtered through mycofiltration as it absorb heavy metals, microorganisms and enhance the productivity of water. This technique makes the suitable condition of the hydrographical parameters and does never cause any stress in the environment as well as growth of the fishes. This can also be said that it is an integrated technique with mushroom cum fish culture and is easy to be handled and very much cost effective. |
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| Biofloc technology for fish production The biofloc technique with variable carbon source is an excellent technique for growing fish at low input cost. This technique has been standardized for growing fish in pond polyculture system at very high stocking density by maintaining proper aeration and C: N ratio using different carbon sources viz. molasses, potato, wheat flour, yam, sorghum etc. and enhance the productivity of water. In this system, most of the fishes performed better from weight gain and specific growth point of view in the unit where wheat flour was used as carbon source. This technique makes the suitable condition of the hydrographical parameters and does never cause any stress in the environment as well as growth of the fishes. |
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| Use of herbal extracts for immune- stimulatory responses Different herbal extracts viz. Aswagandha, Safed musli, Giloy, Aloevera etc. are commonly utilized in Ayurvedic and Unani medicines. These plants have a lot of potential as a versatile therapeutic agent. Use of these products at very low level along with fish feed shows better immune stimulatory response and gives better fish growth result. |
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| Seed production of ornamental fishes Standardized the breeding and seed production protocol of Sword tail and Guppy ornamental fishes first time in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. The broodstock rearing was done properly on quality fish feed encompassing rice, wheat, soybean and groundnut cake. The best performance of spawning was obtained at 24 oC water temperature using one male and three female while best result of hatching was obtained at 28 oC. This technology has also been adopted by many farmers. |
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An animal drawn Planker of Composite Material, replacing wood, has been developed for hilly region for levelling the agricultural field
Battery-cum-manually operated boom sprayer for spraying of chemicals in field crops
Pant Fertilizer Band Placement-cum- Earthing-up Machinebeen developed for earthing- up operation especially for maize and sugarcane crops to prevent the plants from lodging
Earthing operation by developed machine in maize crop
Bio-oil derived from pine needle
Grease developed from pine needle biooil
Organic Farming Technologies
Organic production technology has been developed for most of the crops which are being grown under Tarai as well as hilly areas. Under Tarai conditions organic package of practices have been developed for Basmati rice based cropping systems. Basmati rice grain yield during five years of experimentation showed a increasing trend though slight increase in initial 3 year and a drastic increase in fourth and fifth year in 100% organic mode (52.0% more over initial) and this observed cumulative yields of basmati rice over years under organic mode of nutrient management may be attributed to the build up of organic matter, accumulation of nutrients over years and improvement in physico-chemical properties of soil.
Organic mode of cultivation recorded on an average highest net return after three years of conversion period and up to three years it was highest in inorganic mode of cultivation. Among the cropping systems, highest net return and B: C ratio was recorded with basmati rice-vegetable pea system followed by basmati rice- lentil system in all the modes of nutrient management during all the years.
Propagation of Haldu (Adina cordifolia)
Propagation technology reported for the first time on rooting in Adina cordifolia using macro propagation technique using mono nodal leafy softwood cuttings prepared from epicormic shoots using 6000 ppm IBA. The technology is helpful in cloning, domestication and mass multiplication of the species. This technique is useful in overcoming the problem of poor seed germination in the species which hinders the nursery production.
Propagation techniques for multiplication of bamboos
Propagation techniques for multiplication of bamboos in sand without use of mist chamber has been developed which can increase success for bamboo rooting and can produce more number of roots. In addition macroproliferation technique with use of fertilizer was standardized which can give higher number of plants as compared to standard technique.
Root training in litchi
Air layering is only means to multiply litchi plants. Air layers in litchi produce thick and brittle roots which results in heavy mortality of rooted plants in nursery and field as well. However, after separation from mother plants, air layers were subjected to root training by planting in root trainers which produced more number of thinner lateral roots and resultantly enhanced survival of air layered plant in the field.
Pant zero-till ferti-seed drill (Tractor drawn)
This drill reduces sowing time by 10-15 days and saves Rs. 1,500-2,000 per hectare. The Pant Zero-till ferti-seed drill (ZT drill) is a tractor mounted drill (9,11and 13 tynes) used for sowing wheat in rice- wheat crop rotation, over a dozen agricultural machinery manufactures are manufacturing this drill who have sold about 4,000 drills so far.
Pant zero-till ferti-seed drill (Animal Drawn)
Pant animal drawn zero till seed drill having single, two and three rows had been developed and popularized. The one and two seed drill is suitable for use in hills while three row zero-till seed drill is recommended to be used in plain region. Zero till ferti-seed drill is suitable for sowing wheat, pulses and oil crops. The weight of drill is 30 kg and can be shifted easily from one terrace to another. The area sown is 0.15-0.25 hectare/day approximately and two row drill costs Rs. 2500/-.
Pant hill yoke
The Pant hill yoke suitable for hill bullocks has been developed and fabricated. The animals feel comfortable while using this yoke due to large neck contact area compared to local yoke. The cost of Pant hill yoke is Rs.280/-per unit, weight 3 kg approximately and is made of Tun wood (light weight hill wood having very good strength). An increase in pulling capacity of 9-10% has been observed enabling farmers to use large size implements/tools even under adverse field conditions. More than 400 no. of hill yokes have been marketed by the department in hill region.
Multi-fruit grader
A multi-fruit grader suitable for grading spherical fruits has been developed. The grading principle is based on varying weights of fruits. It is most suited for grading oranges. The capacity of the grader is 250kg/hour.
Pant dal mill
A new technology of miling has been developed in which pigeon pea grains are treated with edible sodium solution for loosening the husk. The use of bicarbonate treatment increases digestibility and reduces flatulence. This technology is ready for delivering to dal mill owners. There is an increase in dal recovery by 6 to 8% as compared to conventional methods.
Quality Litchi Production under Drip fertigation
Study conducted on response of micro irrigation and fertigation in grownup litchi orchard reveals that average marketable fruit yield (176.22 kg/tree) over the years was significantly higher (56%) in treatment under bubbler irrigation at 100% of estimated irrigation water requirement + 125% of recommended dose of fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O:: 1500:750:750 g) as compared to conventional practices (112.94 kg/tree). Micro irrigation and fertigation also increases the fruit length (8.5%) and fruit width (6.4%), fruit weight (19.9%) along with significant reduction in fruit cracking (69.9%).
Development of vaccine
A potent cell culture vaccine against fowl pox virus in poultry was developed. Fowl pox virus was first attenuated in cell culture including CEF, CEL, CEK and also in non avian origin BHK-21 cell line. The attenuated virus was tested for its disease producing ability and thereafter its disease protection capability. However, further field trials are necessary before its commercial use.
Super-ovulation
Super-ovulation was induced in New Zealand white rabbits (daily injection of 50 I.U. of PMSG for 3 consecutive days) and goats (with 750 I.U. PMSG given twice on subsequent days followed by 1000 IU hCG at estrus/ mating). Embryos were collected 100 hrs after mating from uterus and transferred to uterus of estrus-synchronized rabbit and goats by surgical methods resulting into embryo survival rate of 67.5 and 63.5 per cent, respectively. Freezing of 4-cell goat embryos revealed a good cryoprotection effect with 2.0 M DMSO in goat.
In buffaloes, a superovulatory response of 2.66 ovulations was recorded with 2000 IU PMSG. In cattle, superovulation was successfully induced with 50 mg FSH-P in crossbred cows and with 60 mg FSH-P in Sahiwal cows. A positive correlation was observed between blood progesterone level at the initiation of Gonadotrophin treatment and ovulation rate. The mean recovery rates of embryo, transferable embryo and good quality embryo were 5.25, 3.00 and 1.8 per flushing, respectively. The mean pregnancy rate on transfer of frozen and fresh embryos was 23.8% and 36.4%, respectively, while a pregnancy rate of 76.9 per cent was recorded on transfer of fresh embryos of good quality. The pregnancy rate was significantly improved if recipient cows were injected with 10 mg Buserelin acetate on day 5 post-embryo transfer. Seven healthy calves were produced through embryo transfer from one donor cow in one year.
In-vitro maturation and In-vitro fertilization
The technique of in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM), sperm capacitation, in-vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo culture and cryopreservation of oocytes and embryo have been standardized. Oviductal cell co-culture is beneficial for embryo development up to 8-cell stage beyond that its beneficial effect is lost. Technique has been established to cryopreserve buffalo oocytes by vitrification. Timings of nuclear maturation in buffalo oocytes during in-vitro maturation and fertilization have been determined. Technique of in-vitro capacitation of buffalo spermatozoa has been developed. IVM and IVF have been successfully achieved with frozen thawed buffalo oocytes.
Embryo freezing
The study on embryo freezing indicated that the 4-cell goat embryos could be successfully frozen in Cassau mini straws in the presence of 2.0 M DMSO at cooling rate of 1.00C/ min from 00C to -500C and 20C/ min from -510C to -800C before transfer to liquid nitrogen.