Directorate of Extension Education


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Training Manual - DAESI
  • Director Extension Education
  • About Department
  • Structure
  • ATIC
  • KVK'S
  • SAMETI
  • Training and Visit Unit
  • TREAT
  • Crop Advisory
  • Pant Prasar

  • Dr. Jitendra Kwatra
  • Director Extension Education/ Director SAMETI Uttarakhand
  • G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Pantnagar – 263145, Uttarakhand, India

  • Contacts
  • +91-5944-233336 (O)
  • dirextedugbp[at]gmail[dot]com













The Directorate of Extension Education is actively involved in transfer of latest technologies emerging out of research laboratories to the farmers’ fields and getting feedback for further fruitful linkages. The Directorate of Extension Education in this university started functioning in 1962 in Nainital district with a team of three scientists. Later on, the jurisdiction area of the Directorate extended to 28 districts before the formation of Uttarakhand in 2000. In Uttarakhand, the area of jurisdiction of the university is whole state. Due to the varied agro-climatic, geographical, biophysical and socio economic conditions of the state, the work of validation and refinement of newly developed technologies and transfer of technologies is very challenging. The Directorate of Extension Education accepted this challenge and is performing various extension activities through training and visit unit, SAMETI- Uttarakhand, ATIC at headquarter and extension wings of different colleges along with 09 KVKs working in districts Almora, Chamoli, Champawat, Dehradun, Haridwar, Nainital, Pithoragarh, Rudraprayag and U.S. Nagar.


Our Vision:

To see Self Reliant, Healthy Rural Population with Rich Agricultural Knowledge and Good Marketing Intelligence


Our Mission:

  • To bridge the agricultural technology gap at grass root level.
  • To educate rural people to attain/participate in development.
  • To create awareness about health, hygiene, environment and bio-diversity conservation for sustainable development.
  • To link farmers with newly emerging globalized world by providing them information and guidance.
  • To develop a system of effective research and extension linkages.
  • To educate youths for generating self-employment in the field of agriculture and allied disciplines.

  • Mandate

  • Farm advisory services at the doorstep of the farmers in the state.
  • Transfer of newly agriculture related technologies using different extension methodologies.
  • Imparting trainings for capacity building of human resource.
  • Enhancing agricultural vocation in the state.
  • Mediation between researchers and farmers to develop demand driven technology for the state.
  • Providing services to the farmers through a single window system.
  • Facilitation in planning, implementation, execution and monitoring of the agricultural development in the state.

  • Our Units:

  • Agriculture Technology Information Centre (ATIC)
  • Training & Visit Unit
  • Translating Research for Eco-Agriculture Transformation (TREAT)
  • State Agricultural Management and Extension Training Institute (SAMETI), Uttarakhand
  • Krishi Vigyan Kendras in nine districts (Almora, Chamoli, Champawat, Dehradun, Haridwar, Pithoragarh, Nainital, Rudraprayag, U.S. Nagar) of Uttarakhand.
  • The Directorate of Extension Education is headed by Director Extension Education. It functions on the recommendations of Extension Advisory Committee. The Vice Chancellor is the Chairman of Extension Advisory Committee.

    The flow chart given below describes the organizational set up of the Directorate of Extension Education at the university level.



    Staff at Headquarter

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. A.K. Sharma Director Extension Education anilksharma_99@yahoo.com
    Dr. Anuradha Dutta Joint Director Extension aduttagbpuat@gmail.com
    Dr. S.K. Bansal Joint Director Extension skbansal34@gmail.com
    Dr. Sanjay Chaudhary Joint Director Extension schaudharypantnagar@gamil.com
    Dr. B.S. Karki Officer Incharge, ATIC bskarki1959@gmail.com
    Dr. R.K. Sharma Officer Incharge, TREAT rkskvkalmora@gmail.com
    Dr. B.D. Singh Officer Incharge, SAMETI bdsingh5@gmail.com
    Dr. Nirmala Bhatt Associate Director nbhatt22211@gmail.com
    Dr. Mohan Singh Associate Director mohansingh10262@gmail.com

    Agriculture Technology Information Centre (ATIC):

    The Agricultural Technology Information Centre (ATIC) is a single window support system linking the various units of a research institution with intermediary users and end users (farmers) in decision making and problem-solving exercise. It was established on 26th August, 2001 with the financial support of ICAR.

    Objectives

  • To provide a “Single Window Delivery System” for the products and services to the farmers and other stakeholders as a process of innovativeness in technology dissemination with an objective to help farmers and other stakeholders such as farmer-entrepreneurs, extension workers, development agencies, Non-Government Agencies (NGOs) and private sector organizations to providing solutions to their location- specific problems in agriculture and make available all the technological information along with technology inputs and products for testing and use by them.
  • To facilitate direct access of the farmers to the institutional resources available in terms of technology advice, technology products like seeds, planting materials, livestock breeds, fish seed, poultry strains and processed products etc., for reducing technology dissemination losses.
  • To provide mechanism for feedback from the users to the Institute scientist.
  • To provide better coordination and intensive interaction between the researchers and technology users beyond individual research units of the university in contributing towards the dissemination of information.
  • To provide diagnostic services such as soil and water testing, plant and livestock health diagnosis and advisory services accordingly.
  • To provide overview of improved technologies through published literatures and other communication materials.
  • To provide an opportunity to the colleges/research centres to have resource generation through sale of their technologies and technological products.
  • Participation in state festivals and exhibitions.

  • Help line Service

    The ATIC addresses queries/problems of the farmers through Kisan Helpline service (05944-234810 & 05944-235580) and Kisan Call centre (Toll free 1800 180 1551).

  • Kisan Help line service: 973
  • Seeds, agriculture literature sold : Rs. 8,77,486.00
  • University products/produces sold : Rs. 30,62,009.00

  • Publications by ATIC




    कृषि प्रौद्योगिकी सूचना केन्द्र (एटिक) पर बिक्री हेतु उपलब्ध साहित्य

    क्र.सं. पुस्तक का नाम दर प्रति पुस्तक (रू0) डाक खर्च + पैकिंग चार्ज अतिरिक्त (रू0) एक प्रति का कुल (रू0)
    1. पंतनगर किसान डायरी 2020-21 120.00 50.00 170.00
    2. व्यावहारिक मशरुम उत्पादन 40.00 30.00 70.00
    3. पशुओं की स्वास्थ्य रक्षा 40.00 30.00 70.00
    4. दुधारू पशुओं का प्रबन्धन 35.00 30.00 65.00
    5. फल वृक्षों की जीर्णोद्धार तकनीकी 35.00 30.00 65.00
    6. महत्वपूर्ण औषधीय एवं सगंध पौधों का कृषिकरण 30.00 30.00 60.00
    7. सब्जी एवं मसालों की खेती 30.00 30.00 60.00
    8. मछली पालन 30.00 30.00 60.00
    9. पुष्प उत्पादन 30.00 30.00 60.00
    10. पौष्टिक एवं स्वास्थ्यवर्धक व्यंजन 30.00 30.00 60.00
    11. व्यावहारिक मधुमक्खी पालन 30.00 30.00 60.00
    12. गन्ना उत्पादन तकनीकी 50.00 30.00 80.00

    उपरोक्त साहित्य मँगाने हेतु मनीआर्डर अथवा बैंक ड्राफ्ट, जो प्रभारी अधिकारी, एटिक के नाम बना हो तथा भारतीय स्टेट बैंक (कोड 1133)/पी.एन.बी. (कोड 4446), पंतनगर, उधमसिंहनगर, उत्तराखण्ड पर देय हो, को निम्नलिखित पते पर प्रेषित करें | पोस्टल आर्डर एवं चैक स्वीकार्य नहीं हैं |


    उपरोक्त साहित्यों को ऑनलाइन के माध्यम से ATIC Revolving Fund, A/c No. 10773372317, भारतीय स्टेट बैंक, पंतनगर, IFSC Code- SBIN0001133, में भुगतान करके भी मँगाया जा सकता है | भुगतान करने के पश्चात् व्हाट्सएप नम्बर 7817005216 पर सम्पर्क करें |


    Krishi Vigyan Kendras:

    The first Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) was established in 1984 at the Hill Campus, Ranichauri (Tehri Garhwal). During 1994 to 1998, a total of 11 KVKs were established, out of these only two KVKs (KVK, Tehri and Champawat) were remained with this University at the time of formation of Uttarakhand. During 2004, ICAR allotted 09 new KVKs to University out of these 02 KVKs (Tehri and Pauri) were transferred to V.C.S.G Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar in 2011. Presently, out of 13 KVKs in Uttarakhand, 09 are working under the aegis of this university (Almora, Chamoli, Champawat, Dehradun, Haridwar, Nainital, Pithoragarh, Rudrapurayag and U.S. Nagar).


    Mandates & Activities of KVK

    Technology Assessment and Demonstration for its Application and Capacity Development.

    To implement the mandate effectively, the following activities are envisaged for each KVK

    1. On-farm testing to assess the location specificity of agricultural technologies under various farming systems.
    2. Frontline demonstrations to establish production potential of technologies on the farmers’ fields.
    3. Capacity development of farmers and extension personnel to update their knowledge and skills on modern agricultural technologies.
    4. To work as Knowledge and Resource Centre of agricultural technologies for supporting initiatives of public, private and voluntary sector in improving the agricultural economy of the district.
    5. Provide farm advisories using ICT and other media means on varied subjects of interest to farmers

    In addition, KVKs produce quality technological products (seed, planting material, bio-agents, livestock) and make it available to farmers, organize frontline extension activities, identify and document selected farm innovations and converge with ongoing schemes and programs within the mandate of KVK.

    S.No. KVK Establishment Year Address Email
    1. Almora February 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Matela Distt -Almora, 263601 kvkalmora@gmail.com
    2. Chamoli February 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Gwaldam, Distt. -Chamoli-246441 kvkchamoli@rediffmail.com
    3. Champawat October 1994 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Sui, P.O. Galchaura, Lohaghat Champawat-262504 officerinchargekvklohaghat@gmail.com
    4. Dehradun June 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Dhakrani,Herbertpur Distt.-Dehradun 248001 kvkdehradun@gmail.com
    5. Haridwar February 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Dhanauri Distt. - Haridwar-249404 kvkharidwar@gmail.com
    6. Pithoragarh June 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Gaina- Aincholi, Distt. -Pithoragarh kvkpithoragarh@yahoo.com
    7. Rudraprayag February 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Jakhdhar Via-Guptakashi Distt. - Rudraprayag-246439 kvkjakh@rediffmail.com
    8. Nainital June 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jeolikote, Distt. -Nainital Nainital kvknainital@rediffmail.com
    9. U.S. Nagar June 2004 Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kashipur Distt. U.S. Nagar kvkkashipur@gmail.com


    Contact Details

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Almora

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. S.S. Singh Officer Incharge sssindia02@gmail.com
    Dr. R.P. Singh Professor, Extension rpsingh11@gmail.com
    Dr. Tejbir Singh Assoc. Director, Plant Protection tejkvk62@gmail.com
    Dr. V.P. Singh SMS, Horticulture
    Dr. Uma Naulia SMS, Animal Science umanaulia@yahoo.in
    Dr. Renu SMS/T-6, Horticulture renukaurmidhas@gmail.com
    Ms. Mukta Nainwal SMS/T-6, Agro-Meteorology muktanainwal@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chamoli

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Sri Anil Panwar Officer Incharge anil49201pawar@gmail.com
    Dr. Arun Kumar SMS/T-6, Animal Science arun35861@gmail.com
    Ms. Hina Kausar SMS/T-6, Plant Protection hinakausar0786@gmail.com
    Dr. D. C. Kala SMS/T-6, Soil Science dr.divyeshchkala@gmail.com
    Dr. Bijeta SMS/T-6, Veg. Science vijetayank@gmail.com
    Dr. Deepti Kothari SMS/T-6, Home Science deeptikothari15@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Champawat

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Ms. Amresh Sirohi Officer Incharge amresh.sirohi@rediffmail.com
    Dr. B. S. Kharayat SMS/T-6, Plant Protection bhupendrakharayat@gmail.com
    Dr. Sachin Pant SMS/T-6, Animal Science spsachinpant@gmail.com
    Dr. Pooja Pandey SMS/T-6, Agronomy pooja.pantnagar@gmail.com
    Dr. Rajani Pant SMS/T-6, Horticulture rajnipant4@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dehradun

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. A.K. Sharma Officer Incharge directoraksharma@gmail.com
    Dr. Sanjay Kumar Assoc. Director sanjaygbpuat@gmail.com
    Dr. Madan Pal Singh Assoc. Director madanpsingh1960@gmail.com
    Dr. A.K. Singh Associate Professor awanish03@gmail.com
    Dr. Shiv Dayal Assoc. Director, Agronomy shivdayalkushwaha@gmail.com
    Dr. Lalita Shukla SMS, Home Science drlshukla@yahoo.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Haridwar

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. Purushottam Kumar Officer Incharge puru1968@gmail.com
    Dr. Vinod Kumar Assoc. Director, Agronomy vinodchaudhary60@yahoo.com
    Dr. Neel Kant Assoc. Director, Animal Science neelkant_dr@rediffmail.com
    Dr. Deepti Chaudhary Assistant Professor deeptichaudhari@rediffmail.com
    Er. Umesh Kumar Saxena SMS, Agril. Engg. u1ksaxena@gmail.com
    Dr. Yogendra Pal SMS, Soil Science ypsaini64@gmail.com
    Dr. Sucheta Singh SMS, Home Science drsuchetasingh@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Nainital

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. Vijay Kumar Dohray Officer Incharge vijaydoharey@gmail.com
    Dr. Balwan Singh Professor, Animal Science balsingh67@gmail.com
    Dr. Vijay Kumar Singh Assoc. Director, Fisheries drvkskvk@rediffmail.com
    Dr. Sudha Jukaria Assoc. Director, Home Science sudhajukaria37@gmail.com
    Dr. Kanchan Nainwal Assoc. Director, Agronomy kanchannainwal@rediffmail.com
    Dr. Deepali T. Pandey Assoc. Director, Horticulture deepalitewari@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pithoragarh

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. Gauri Shankar Bisht Officer Incharge gsbisht22@gmail.com
    Dr. Alankar Singh SMS/T-6, Agronomy salankar99@gmail.com
    Dr. Abhishek Bahuguna SMS/T-6, Veg. Science sandhi11@gmail.com
    Dr. Mahendra Singh SMS/T-6, Plant Protection bhakuni.singh65@gmail.com
    Dr. Chetan Kumar Bhatt SMS/T-6, Agro-Meteorology chetan.bhatt801@gmail.com
    Dr. Kanchan Arya SMS/T-6, Animal Science kanchanarya34@gmail.com
    Ms. Swati Garbyal SMS/T-6, Home Science swatigarbyal341@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rudrayrayag

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. Sanjay Sachan Officer Incharge sachan.soil@gmail.com
    Dr. Sangeeta SMS/T-6, Animal Science drsangeeta01378@gmail.com
    Dr. Anshul Arya SMS/T-6, Plant Protection anshularyapp23@gmail.com
    Dr. Avikal Kumar SMS/T-6, Agronomy avikal31997@gmail.com
    Dr. Ankit Dongariyal SMS/T-6, Horticulture adhorti26@gmail.com
    Mrs. Nivedita SMS/T-6, Home Science nivedita2310@gmail.com

    Krishi Vigyan Kendra, U.S. Nagar

    S.No. Name Designation E-mail ID
    Dr. J. Kwatra Officer Incharge
    Dr. Shiv Kumar Sharma Assoc. Director, Fisheries sk03sharma@gmail.com
    Dr Anil Saini Assoc. Director, Animal Science kvkkahipurAnil@gmail.com
    Dr. Pratibha Singh Assoc. Director, Home Science singhpratibha888@gmail.com
    Dr. Anil Chandra SMS, Horticulture anilunlimited@rediffmail.com
    Sri. Ajay Kumar Prabhakar SMS, Agronomy ajay_kvk@yahoo.com

    Running Projects

    1. State Agricultural Management and Extension Training Institute (SAMETI), Uttarakhand
    2. A study process for the Economics of Ecosystem and Biodiversity for Agriculture and Food Initiative in India running at Headquarter
    3. “Use of indigenous resources to provide livelihood opportunities to underprivileged specially reverse migrant women of an aspirational district Udham Singh Nagar of Uttarakhand”.
    4. Cluster Front Line Demonstration (CFLD) on Pulses Running at all Krishi Vigyan Kendras
    5. Cluster Front Line Demonstration (CFLD) on Oilseed Running at all Krishi Vigyan Kendras
    6. Out Scaling of Natural Farming through Krishi Vigyan Kendra
    7. Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanization for Implementation of its component no.1 under drone technology demonstration (Agri drone Project)
    8. District Agricultural Meteorological Unit (DAMU) is running in KVK Almora, Pithoragarh and Nainital.
    9. Attracting Rural Youth in Agriculture (ARYA) is running in KVK, Haridwar and Nainital
    10. NICRA running at Krishi Vigyan Kendra Champawat.
    11. Seed Hub at KVK Dehradun is being run.
    12. ATMA- State Agriculture Department released funds for Assessment and Refinement of Validation Trials to various KVK.
    13. Farm Innovation Resources Science Technology (Farmer FIRST) Running at Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, College of Agriculture, Pantnagar

    Glimpses







    State Agricultural Management and Extension Training Institute (SAMETI)

    SAMETI is a State level institution, established in September, 2005 under ‘Support to Extension Reform Programme with the financial support of Govt. of India and registered under Society Act 1860 on August 30, 2006. It is an autonomous body with greater flexibility in structure and functioning for organizing need based training programmes for project implementation functionaries of different line departments and farming community. It is headed by Director Extension Education, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand)


    To fulfill the requirement of capacity building, a large number of training activities are required in the areas of technical as well as human resource management in Agriculture and allied sector. This can be achieved through linkages with other technical and management institutions in the State. 'SAMETI' has to function with the technical guidance of the National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management.


    Mandate

    1. To Develop systematic linkage between State, Regional and International Institution of outstanding accomplishment in the field of Agricultural Extension Management.
    2. To gain insight into Agricultural Extension Management System and Policies together with problems and constraints at each step and stage.
    3. To identify, appreciate and develop modern management tools, techniques in problem solving approaches utilizing the mechanism of personal management, resource management, input management and finally the conflict management at the organization level.
    4. Skill development through organizing need based field programme for trainings and continuous backup of senior and field level functionaries for executing extension programmes.
    5. To conduct programme oriented researches in the area of Agricultural Extension Management as a sequel to provide feedback of training programme. Such kind and types of researches will generally be undertaken on the recommendation and issues emanating from training and vice-versa.
    6. To serve as repository of ideas and develop information, regional communication and documentation service etc. in regard to the subject of Agricultural Extension Management.
    7. To forge linkage with national and regional institution under suggested programme of institutional collaboration and employment of consultants.

    Key functions of SAMETI-Uttarakhand

    1. To provide capacity building support in extension management related areas to the extension functionaries both from public and private sectors.
    2. To provide need based consultancy services in the areas like project planning, appraisal, implementation etc.
    3. To develop and promote the application of management tools for improving the effectiveness of agricultural extension services through better management of human and material resources.
    4. To organize need based training programmes for middle level and grass-root level agricultural extension functionaries.
    5. To develop modules on management, communication, Participatory Methodologies etc, as a sequel to the feedback from training programmes.

    SAMETI Annual Progress Report (2022-23):   View

    SAMETI Annual Progress Report (2021-22):   View


    Trainings Organized:

    Total Training: 19
    Total Participants: 592

    SAMETI Training Calendar of the year 2022-23 (वार्षिक प्रशिक्षण कार्यक्रम: वर्ष 2023-24)


    Success Stories in Booklet Form : 12

    S.No. Title of Success Story
    कृषि विविधिकरण से बढ़ता-आर्थिक सशक्तिकरण
    सफलता की कुंजी-मत्स्य पालन
    उन्नत प्रजातियों के प्रयोग व यंत्रीकरण से बढ़ती खुशहाली
    सब्जी उत्पादन द्वारा धन उत्पादन
    मशरूम उत्पादन तकनीक अपनायी-घर में खुशिया लायी
    सब्जी उत्पादन में दिखायी-समृद्धि की राह
    सब्जी उत्पादन तथा पशुपालन आधारित समंवित कृषि प्रणाली द्वारा प्रगति के पथ पर
    उन्नति की राह दिखाता-मशरूम व बेमौसमी सब्जी उत्पादन
    बेमौसमी सब्जी उत्पादन द्वारा आय संवर्धन
    सब्जी व दुग्ध उत्पादन-सतत् आय का साधन
    प्रगति की राह दिखाती-जैविक खेती
    समन्वित कृषि प्रणाली से बढ़ती आर्थिक एवं सामाजिक प्रतिष्ठा

    D- Diploma in Agricultural Extension Services for Input Dealers (DAESI) :

    Agri-Input Dealers in the country are a prime source of farm information to the farming community, besides the supply of inputs and credit. However, majority of these dealers do not have formal agricultural education. In order to improve their technical competency in agriculture and to facilitate them to serve the farmers better and to act as para extension professionals, National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE) has launched a self-financed “One-year Diploma in Agricultural Extension Services for Input Dealers (DAESI) Program” during the year 2003. Due to positive impact of the program, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare, Government of India has decided to implement this program for Input dealers in all the states of the country. The program is implemented by MANAGE through State Agricultural Management and Extension Training Institutes (SAMETIs).


    E- Pant Prasar Sandesh Magazine:

    Directorate of Extension Education/SAMETI-Uttarakhand, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) is publishing quarterly Hindi magazine “Pant Prasar Sandesh” since last 15 years. The magazine comprises of forthcoming agricultural activities, training programmes to be organized by Directorate, new technology/success stories and major achievements of Krishi Vigyan Kendras in the last quarter.

    Training and Visit Unit

    The University has advanced infrastructure to organize different training programmes. This unit plans and organizes trainings and visit programmes for farmers, farm women, rural youths, school dropouts, extension functionaries, officers, administrative officers, agri-input dealers, staff and beneficiaries of watershed management, beneficiaries of NGO’s, and other stake holders.

    Objectives

    1. This System works as unified extension service with single professional service for Agriculture and allied sector development.
    2. It emphasises extension activities exclusively in coordination of the research training and development.
    3. It delivers systematic concentrated efforts through training and visit programme for the farmers and other stakeholder.
    4. It ensures immediate results and success by working with farmers and scientists.
    5. It schedules imitable contacts and feedback mechanism from the farmer’s field.
    6. The majority of the farmers are trained to use their resources in efficient and scientific ways and improve their management practices of agricultural and allied sector.
    7. The agricultural technology is transmitted to farmers in consideration with the constraints risk socio-economic factors and supply of input and credit.
    8. This system has continuous improvement in agricultural and allied sectors.


    Glimpses of Training & Visit unit





    Translating Research for Eco-Agriculture Transformation (TREAT)

    An ecosystem resilient model is the need of the day for safe food and human health. An effort is being made in the vicinity of SAMETI guest house for showcasing vegetable based integrated farming model cum training unit named as TREAT established for demonstration and training purposes. This unit is being established with the concept of chemical free produce linking with the “One Health” concept. Income generation from a small piece of land is also a targeted mandate of this unit. It’s is a self-sustained unit having farmers’ friendly technologies as vegetable production, poultry, goatery, fisheries, protected cultivation, mushroom cultivation and horticulture unit etc.